Job control unionism refers to the postwar trend of conventional unionized activities and policies. They are designed to achieve industrial justice by regulating incentives and job distribution to safeguard workers from management exploitation and achieve industrial justice by controlling incentives and job distribution to protect workers from management exploitation. The principal technique for selecting layoffs, promotions, and transfers replace management subjectivity and bias with an objective measure of seniority. Compensation outcomes were also made more objective by closely connecting wage rates to job categories rather than people.